The following table covers responses to both vandalism (deliberate to property) and graffiti. The costs of vandalism and graffiti include direct financial costs to the transport operator including repairing damage, removing graffiti and associated delays to services. Vandalism can also result in injuries to offenders, passengers and employees. Furthermore, the indirect costs of vandalism can include an increase in passengers’ fear of crime and an associated decrease in patronage.

Table 5. Summary of responses to the problems of vandalism and graffiti committed against public transport systems. Source: Vandalism and Graffiti. Problem Solving Guides for Public Transport (see Appendix to this Toolkit).