Location of Racist Incidents: Miscellaneous Locations

Research carried out by Rutter et al (1998) revealed that crime and racial harassment as a manifestation of anti-social behaviour can occur in contradictory locations for e.g.

• High status non-family areas in inner-cities, including the homes of the rich and more ‘twilight’ areas of privately owned buildings in multiple occupation.

• Multiracial areas. Poor private rentals mixed with owner-occupation in the inner-city.

• Poorest council estates located either in the inner-city or outer-ring of conurbations.

It would appear that the key factors in predicting where incidents of a racial nature are located might not simply be deprivation and exclusion, but a lack of community cohesiveness and normative rules.

(Rutter, M., et al. (1998) Antisocial Behaviour by Young People. Cambridge University Press. Cambridge.)